Ransomware remains one of the most severe cyber risks for the European mid-market, not because every incident leads to payment, but because every incident creates pressure.

Ransomware remains one of the most severe cyber risks for the European mid-market, not because every incident leads to payment, but because every incident creates pressure. Eye Security’s incident data (2023-2025) shows that ransomware often begins with preventable exposure: exploited public-facing applications, insecure remote services, and unmonitored infrastructure.

Once threat actors are inside, the cost quickly expands beyond the ransom demand. Organisations face downtime, negotiation, forensic investigation, recovery work, customer communication, legal considerations, and reputational pressure.

Across all cases, one factor consistently influenced the outcome: speed. The organisations that reduce impact are not necessarily those that prevent every attack. They are the ones that detect early, contain quickly, restore safely, and make informed decisions under pressure.
Eye Security’s ransomware investigations show that impact is determined by three factors: how threat actors gain access, how quickly they are detected, and how prepared the organisation is to respond.

Across Eye Security’s analysed ransomware cases, the most common root cause was exploitation of public-facing applications, responsible for 30% of incidents.

External remote services, such as unsecured RDP or VPN endpoints, accounted for 17% of cases. Phishing attempts accounted for 13%, showing that social engineering remains relevant, but was not the dominant ransomware driver in this dataset.

Unpatched applications, misconfigured internet-facing systems, exposed remote access, and unmonitored infrastructure give threat actors a direct path into environments where downtime creates leverage.

The vast majority of cases involved organisations without 24/7 detection and response capabilities. In the three cases involving MDR clients, the root causes were traced back to unmonitored infrastructure and Shadow AI, areas that fell outside the protected scope.